Chennai, formerly called as Madras, is the capital city of the southern Indian state of Tamil Nadu. The city is located right at the top of the state. Kerala lies in the west and the Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh lies in the north of the state.
Chennai is also known as the “Gateway to southern India”. The city has a long coastline of Bay of Bengal and beach with famous food spots, a bug fishing industry, and a massive industrial port. The city offers a perfect mix of tradition and modernity, which makes it an exciting destination for travellers from all around the world.
History of Chennai
Chennai’s name history begins with a coastal village called Madaraspattinam. This place is a present-day George Town, but once it is popular for trade and fishing before the arrival of European colonists. In 1639, the British East India Company acquired land from the Vijayanagara rulers through local agents. This marked the foundation of the future Madras. Later, Fort St George was established, serving as the centre for British activity in the region. The name Madras is widely believed to have originated from Madarasapttinam.
Later, Madras developed into an important trading post and administrative hub. The fort then became the city’s center around which the city got expanded. Markets, churches, public buildings, and residences shaped the early layout of the city. Trading through the port brought new communities, skills, and materials, helps in contributing the city’s growth. Educational institutions and public infrastructure emerge during this period, setting the stage for urban development of the city.
After independence in 1947, Madras remains as the official name for several years. In 1996, the city was renamed as Chennai, which was altered by the Government of Tamil Nadu. This was done after the government restored the original names in an effort to remove colonial influences. The name was widely accepted, because it is more relevant to the region’s culture and history.
Best Places to See in Chennai
Chennai offers several places that reflect its long history, coastal regions, and cultural depth. The best places to see in Chennai bring together daily life, tradition, and public activity.
Marina Beach
Marina beach is a must-visit spot in Chennai. The beach stretches over 13 km and it is the India’s longest and second largest natural urban beach in the world. This spot is perfect for morning walks, kite flying, or simply enjoying local street snacks.
- Location: Kamarajar Salai, Chennai
- Timings: Open 24*7
- Entry Fees: Free
Kapaleeshwarar Temple
The Kapaleeshwarar temple in Mylapore is an attractive center of worship dedicated to Lord Shiva, attracting devotees and tourists from all around the world. The temple not only offers spiritual support, but also gives you a look into the rich cultural heritage of the region.
- Location: Mylapore, Chennai.
- Timings: 5 AM – 12 PM, 4 PM – 9:30 PM
- Entry Fees: Free
Fort St. George
Fort St. George is one of the famous places in Chennai city, which was built by the British East India Company. Today, it houses the Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly and a museum showcasing artifacts from the British colonial era. If you are a history seeker or just love exploring the town, this is a must-visit spot.
- Location: Rajaji Salai, Chennai
- Timings: 9 AM – 5 PM (Closed on Fridays)
- Entry Fees: INR 5 for Indians, INR 300 for Foreigners.
San Thome Basilica
The St. Thomas Basilica is one of the popular places to visit in Chennai city. This stunning neo-Gothic church was built over the tomb of St. Thomas, who is one of the apostles of Jesus Christ. This place is suitable for anyone who loves visiting architecture with rich history. You are attracted by the basilica’s stunning architecture, which includes beautiful stained-glass windows and tall spires.
- Location: Santhome High Road, Chennai
- Timings: 5 AM – 8 PM
- Entry Fees: Free
Government Museum
The Government Museum in Chennai is one of the oldest and most popular museums in India. It is a large complex made up of six independent buildings. It’s wide collection of bronze sculptures including the Nataraja and other Chola bronzes is its major attraction. From ancient coins and manuscripts to zoological and archaeological artifacts, the museum provides a detailed exploration of South Indian history.
- Location: Pantheon Road, Egmore
- Timings: 9:30 AM – 5:00 PM (closed on Fridays and Public Holidays)
- Entry Fees: INR 15 (Adults), INR10 (Children), INR 250 (Foreigners)
Valluvar Kottam
Valluvar Kottam is a monument built in the shape of a temple chariot to pay tribute to the great Tamil poet Thiruvalluvar. The Thirukkural’s 1330 verses are engraved in granite in the central hall, which has space for 4,000 people. The monument is architecturally unique, built without the support of pillars. It is a place that honors Tamil culture and intelligence and stands as a source of pride for the state’s citizens.
- Location: Nungambakkam, Chennai
- Timings: 8:30 AM – 5:30 PM
- Entry Fees: INR 10 (Adults), INR 5 (Children)
Guindy National Park
Guindy National Park is one of the national parks in the country situated in the middle of the Chennai city. Blackbucks, spotted deer, jackals, and more than 100 bird species can be found there, providing a peaceful environment in the middle of this urban city. Also, it has a children’s park and a snake park.
- Location: Sardar Patel Road, Chennai
- Timings: 9:00 AM – 5:30 PM (Closed on Tuesdays)
- Entry Fees: INR 15 (Adults), INR 10 (Children)
Elliot’s Beach (Besant Nagar Beach)
Elliot’s beach in Besant Nagar is perfect for those who wants to enjoy the beach with calm and less crowded sands. It is a popular hangout space for locals and it is surrounded by cafes and restaurants. The landmark of the beach is the Schmidt Memorial, which was constructed in memory of a Dutch sailor.
- Location: Besant Nagar, Chennai
- Timings: Open 24*7
- Entry Fees: Free
Chennai Rail Museum
The Chennai Rail Museum offers a wonderful experience to explore the evolution of Indian Railways. Here you can see rare photos, miniature trains, and vintage locomotives. Children especially enjoy the toy train rides that go around the museum’s landscaped gardens. It is both informative and entertaining because of the heritage feel and modern multimedia exhibits.
- Location: Perambur, Chennai
- Timings: 10:00 AM – 6:00 PM (Closed on Mondays)
- Entry Fees: INR 50 (Adults), INR 25 (Children)
Arignar Anna Zoological Park (Vandalur Zoo)
Vandalur zoo is one of the biggest zoological parks in South Asia, which has more than 2500 animals which includes tigers, elephants, lions, giraffes, and rare birds. This park spread across 1500 acres and it features a lion safari, elephant rides, and battery-operated vehicles for easier navigation. The zoo plays a major role in conservation and offers well-maintained enclosures and informative displays.
- Location: Vandalur, Chennai
- Timings: 9:00 AM – 5:00 PM (Closed on Tuesdays)
- Entry Fees: INR 90 (Adults), INR 50 (Children), INR 300 (Safari Ride)
Birla Planetarium
For those who enjoy science and have curious minds, the Birla Planetarium is a perfect spot. It is one of the most modern planetariums in India, which offers immersive sky shows in both Tamil and English that take visitors on a journey through stars, planets, and galaxies. This planetarium is a part of the Periyar Science and Technology Centre and has interactive physics, chemistry, and astronomy exhibitions. The dome-shaped structure and digital projectors create a near-real stargazing experience indoors.
- Location: Koturpuram, Chennai
- Timings: 10:00 AM – 5:45 PM
- Entry Fees: INR 60 (Adults), INR 30 (Children), INR 120 (Sky Show combo)
Semmozhi Poonga
Semmozhi Poonga is a beautifully planted botanical park created by the Horticulture Department that offers a green environment in the center of the city. With over 500 species of plants, including exotic flora and medicinal herbs, the park is a favorite for nature lovers and photographers. Adults love the quiet walking paths, while kids enjoy the well-equipped play area. Artificial waterfalls, bonsai gardens, and lotus ponds enhance the park’s atmosphere.
- Location: Cathedral Road, Chennai
- Timings: 10:00 AM – 7:30 PM (Closed on Tuesdays)
- Entry Fees: INR 15 (Adults), INR 10 (Children)
Chennai Lighthouse
Only a few lighthouses in India are open to the Public and the Chennai Lighthouse is one among them. It offers a panoramic view of Marina Beach and the expansive Bay of Bengal. Visitors are taken by elevator to the top, to enjoy the breathtaking views and a sea breeze. It stands as a symbol of Chennai’s maritime history and remains operational even today.
- Location: Marina Beach Road, Chennai
- Timings: 10:00 AM – 1:00 PM, 3:00 PM – 5:00 PM (Closed on Monday)
- Entry Fees: INR 20 (Adults), INR 10 (Children)
Things to do in Chennai
Chennai, the capital city of Tamil Nadu, provides a unique combination of tradition and modernity. If you are searching for the best things to do in Chennai, here is where to begin.
Exploring Sunrise at Marina Beach
You can start your day with a walk along the coastal areas in Marina beach. The perfect morning ambiance is created by the calm sea, soft golden sand, and local vendors selling hot snacks like sundal. Watching the sunrise here is a simple but gives you an unforgettable experience.
Visit Temples
Chennai’s historic temples are an important part of its cultural identity. Dravidian architecture may be seen when visiting the Kapaleeshwarar Temple in Mylapore. Visitors are taken to a spiritual world by the colorful sculptures, the aroma of jasmine, and the sound of temple bells. If you want to enjoy quiet reflection and cultural depth, the Parthasarathy Temple in Triplicane is another popular option.
Go Shopping in the Streets of Chennai
Chennai shopping is more than simply retail therapy; it’s an exploration of the city’s modern fashions, artistic traditions, and daily life. The city offers a wide variety of shopping experiences, whether your choice is for modern fashion, handicrafts, gold jewelry, or Kanchipuram silk sarees. Some popular places include,
- T. Nagar (Thyagaraya Nagar): This is the most popular place to shop in Chennai, especially for traditional clothing, jewellery, and sarees. Some popular shops include Pothys, Saravana Stores, Nalli, RMKV, etc.
- Pondy Bazaar: Pondy Bazaar, which located in T. Nagar, is an excellent place to go street shopping. In this place, you can get handbags and mobile accessories to kurtis and sandals.
Have Fun at Theme Parks
Some of the most entertaining water parks and amusement parks in South India can be found in Chennai. These attractions are excellent for families, groups of friends, or even couples looking to enjoy a day of thrill and excitement. This includes:
- VGP Universal Kingdom (ECR): VGP is one of the oldest amusement parks in the country, offers a wide range of rides for people of all ages. Its beachfront location makes it more unique, providing a mix of water rides, thrilling roller coasters, and cultural shows. The Aqua Kingdom inside the park adds extra fun during hot summer months.
- Queensland Amusement Park (Poonamallee): Queensland has a widespread to 70 acre and has more than 50 rides, such as the American Wave Pool and Free Fall Tower. It is a perfect day trip spot for people staying closer to the west side of Chennai.
- MGM Dizzee World (ECR): MGM Dizzee World is another popular attraction on East Coast Road, offering kid-friendly zones, water slides, and snow world. It is well-maintained place and suitable for families looking for a full-day entertainment package.
Take a Drive on the East Coast Road (ECR)
No visit to Chennai is complete without a long-drive along the East Coast Road (ECR). This coastal road runs from Chennai to Puducherry, offering amazing views of the Bay of Bengal and a series of worthy attractions. This includes:
- Thiruvanmiyur Beach: These are perfect for a peaceful morning or coffee because they are less crowded than Marina Beach.
- VGP Golden Beach: This is an excellent place for families or couples to stop for photos or a beach picnic.
- Muttukadu Boat House: This place offers backwater rowing, speedboat, and pedal boat tours. It is a perfect place to relax and click scenic photos.
- Kovalam Beach: This beautiful fishing village has transformed into an adventure center, excellent for surfing or simply relaxing with fresh seafood.
Try Chennai’s Local Cuisine
No visit to Chennai is complete without tasting its tasty local cuisines. From spicy chettinad chicken to tangy seafood varieties at local stalls in Marina beach, the city’s food world is diverse and flavorful. Also, don’t miss out trying the iconic South Indian breakfast varieties like idli, vada, dosa, etc.
Enjoy Filter Coffee
Without enjoying some freshly brewed filter coffee, a visit to Chennai is not complete. Make a visit to some traditional cafés like Saravana Bhavan, Sangeetha, or Adyar Anandha Bhavan to taste the city’s iconic beverage, which is served in steel tumblers.
Tourist Attractions Near Chennai
While the tourist attractions in Chennai such as Marina beach, Kapaleeswarar temple, Fort St.George, etc attracts several visitors, the places surrounding the city hold their own unique charm and are perfect for weekend getaways or day trips.
Mahabalipuram
Mahabalipuram is a UNESCO World Heritage Site popular for its rock-cut temples and shore-side monuments. It is located 60 kms away from Chennai. Mahabalipuram is famous for the Shore Temple which is one of the iconic attractions that showcase the region’s Dravidian architecture. Mahabalipuram is one of the most popular tourist attractions near Chennai for history lovers and art enthusiasts.
Pondicherry
Pondicherry, which is only just about 160 kms (3-hour drive) from Chennai, offers a combination of colonial history with spiritual peace. The territory’s calm beaches, tree-lined boulevards, and the Aurobindo Ashram attracts visitors who are looking for relaxation and meditation.
Pulicat Lake
For nature lovers, Pulicat Lake is a perfect spot. This is located about 60 kms from the Chennai and it is the second-largest brackish water lagoon in India. This location is a shelter for migratory birds, especially flamingos. The Pulicat Bird Sanctury attracts birdwatchers and photographers from all around the world during the winter months.
Vedanthangal Bird Sanctuary
Another popular destination for bird lovers is Vedanthagal, which is one of the oldest bird sanctuaries in India. It is located 90 kms away from Chennai and a home to over 40,000 birds during the migratory season, including herons, egrets, ibises, and storks. The sanctuary is well-maintained with watch towers and pathways allowing visitors to observe birds without disturbing their natural habitat. The best time to visit is between November and February.
Tada Falls (Ubbalamadugu Falls)
Tada Falls is a popular trekking destination, which is located inside a forest in Andhra Pradesh. It is 90 kms away from Chennai. It requires a challenging hike through rocky trails, streams, and small boulders, ending at a waterfall hidden in the hills. This hidden place is perfect for adventure lovers and you can avoid visiting during monsoons because of the slippery rocks.
Prominent Shopping Malls in Chennai
Phoenix MarketCity
One of the most popular shopping malls in Chennai is the Phoenix MarketCity. It is located in Velachery and serves as a one-stop destination for international fashion, fine dining, and entertainment. This shopping center has more than 300 stores with some international brands like Zara, H&M, Lifestyle, and Sephora. Also, it features a massive multiplex, an arcade zone, and often hosts live music events, making it a favorite weekend hangout spot.
Express Avenue
Express Avenue is one of the earliest modern malls, which is located in Royapettah, Chennai. Its excellent mix of modern design and classical construction is what makes it unique. The mall is popular for having India’s largest gaming arcade and PVR cinemas offers an unmatched movie experience. Popular fashion brands, tech stores, and a spacious food court make it a popular choice for all age people.
VR Chennai
VR Chennai, which is situated in Anna Nagar is famous for its beautiful South Indian-inspired architecture and artistic design. It is a modern retail space with a cultural twist. This mall has a mix of high-street fashion, boutique brands, fine dining, and an amphitheatre that often hosts performances and exhibitions. VR Chennai is perfect for those looking for a unique and relaxed shopping experience.
Spencer Plaza
Chennai prominent list of malls is not complete without mentioning Spencer Plaza. It is located on Anna Salai. Spencer Plaza is one of the oldest malls in India. This mall doesn’t have any modern shops available in recent malls, but it has small shops selling everything from handicrafts and electronics to garments and souvenirs.
Ampa Skywalk
Ampa Skywalk is located on Nelson Manickam Road, Chennai. This mall is smaller when compared to other malls, but it is popular for its convenient layout and offers everything from apparel stores to a multiplex and food court. It is an excellent option for quick visits or family outings without the hassle of navigating through a large complex.
Nexus Vijaya Mall
Another popular mall in Chennai is the Nexus Vijaya Mall. It is located in Vadapalani. This mall is popular for families and students, because of its convenient location and balanced mix of retail, entertainment, and food court. This mall has some international shop brands like Westside, Marks & Spencer, Pantaloons, and also has PVR Palazzo multiplex and a wide range of food courts and cafes including major brands like KFC, McDonald’s, Burger King, Subway, Krispy Kreme, Domino’s Pizza, etc.